{"id":44,"date":"2021-09-11T21:57:49","date_gmt":"2021-09-11T19:57:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/?p=44"},"modified":"2021-10-01T22:27:32","modified_gmt":"2021-10-01T20:27:32","slug":"le-langage-python-conditions-et-boucles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/?p=44","title":{"rendered":"Le langage python :conditions et boucles"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--more--><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"> \u00e9crire un programme qui converti des euros en dollar <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"container theme1\" style=\"width:100%; height:auto\"><ul class=\"responsive-accordion responsive-accordion-default bm-larger\"><li><div class=\"responsive-accordion-head\" style=\"background-color:\"><span style=\"color:;font-size:15px\">Correction :euro-dollar 1<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down responsive-accordion-plus fa-fw\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-up responsive-accordion-minus fa-fw\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"responsive-accordion-panel\"style=\"background-color:;padding:12px;color:;font-size:14px\"><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\">import math\r\n\r\ndollar_euro=input(\"entrez au clavier la valeur d'un dollar en euros : \")\r\n\r\nsomme_dollar=input(\"entrez au clavier la valeur en dollar \u00e0 convertir : \")\r\ndollar_euro=float(dollar_euro)\r\nsomme_dollar=float(somme_dollar)\r\nsomme_euro=somme_dollar*dollar_euro\r\nsomme_euro=math.floor(somme_euro*100)\/100\r\n\r\nphrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(somme_dollar)+' $ valent '+str(somme_euro)+' \u20ac'\r\nprint(phrase)<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>Expressions bool\u00e9ennes<\/strong> :<br> Pour tester si une condition est vraie ou fausse il faut utiliser des expressions bool\u00e9ennes avec des op\u00e9rateurs de comparaison.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/nsi2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/boucle1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-150\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/nsi2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/boucle2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-151\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On peut \u00e9crire des expressions plus \u00e9volu\u00e9es avec les op\u00e9rateurs logiques <strong>and<\/strong>  et<strong> or<\/strong><br> Soient :   a=2   et   b=-3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/nsi2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/boucle3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-152\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Structure conditionnelle <strong>if<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><strong>if<\/strong> test :\n      instruction(s)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>test est une expression bool\u00e9enne<br>\nl\u2019instruction ou les instructions ne seront ex\u00e9cut\u00e9es que si le r\u00e9sultat de l\u2019expression bool\u00e9enne est True.<br>\nLa tabulation devant l\u2019instruction est indispensable. On parle d\u2019indentation.    <br>\nOn peut ajouter un bloc d\u2019instructions si la condition n\u2019est pas v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><strong>if &nbsp;<\/strong>if test :<br>\n       instruction(s)<br>\nelse :<br>\n       autre(s) instruction(s)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec elif on peut tester plusieurs instructions avant de passer else<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">if test1 :<br>\n       instruction(s)<br>\nelif  test2 :<br>\n       instruction(s)<br>\nelse :<br>\n       autre(s) instruction(s)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/nsi2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/activite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">\u00e9crire un programme qui converti des euros en dollar ou des dollars en euro selon le choix de l\u2019utilisateur \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une entr\u00e9e au clavier $ ou \u20ac.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"container theme1\" style=\"width:100%; height:auto\"><ul class=\"responsive-accordion responsive-accordion-default bm-larger\"><li><div class=\"responsive-accordion-head\" style=\"background-color:\"><span style=\"color:;font-size:15px\">Correction : euro-dollar 2<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down responsive-accordion-plus fa-fw\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-up responsive-accordion-minus fa-fw\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"responsive-accordion-panel\"style=\"background-color:;padding:12px;color:;font-size:14px\"><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\">import math\r\n\r\ndollar_euro=0.89\r\ndevise=input(\"entrez au clavier la monnaie \u00e0 convertir $ ou \u20ac: \")\r\nvaleur=float(input(\"entrez au clavier la valeur \u00e0 convertir : \"))\r\nsomme=valeur\r\nif devise==\"$\":\r\n    somme=somme*dollar_euro\r\n    somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n    phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' $ valent '+str(somme)+' \u20ac'\r\nelse:    \r\n    somme=somme\/dollar_euro\r\n    somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n    phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' \u20ac valent '+str(somme)+' $'\r\n\r\nprint(phrase)<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>La boucle for<\/strong><br> La boucle for permet de faire des it\u00e9rations (r\u00e9p\u00e9titions) sur un \u00e9l\u00e9ment, comme une cha\u00eene de caract\u00e8res ou une liste. Le mot clef in v\u00e9rifie l\u2019appartenance d\u2019un \u00e9l\u00e9ment \u00e0 une s\u00e9quence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><strong>for<\/strong> i <strong>in<\/strong> liste :<br>        Instruction(s)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">pr\u00e9voir les r\u00e9sultats obtenus puis tester les codes suivants<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">for i in range (10):    \n    print(i)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">for i in range (1,10,2):    \n    print(i)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">for i in range (1,10):    \n    print(i)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">for i in [0,1,3,2,\"b\"]:    \n    print(i))<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">mot=\"bonjour\"\nfor lettre in mot :\n    print(lettre)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/nsi2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/activite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">\u00e9crire un programme qui converti des euros en dollar ou des dollars en euro selon le choix de l\u2019utilisateur \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une entr\u00e9e au clavier $ ou \u20ac. Modifier le programme pour qu\u2019il s\u2019arr\u00eate si la monnaie tap\u00e9e n\u2019est ni $ ni \u20ac. Donner la possibilit\u00e9 de faire 3 essais seulement.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"container theme1\" style=\"width:100%; height:auto\"><ul class=\"responsive-accordion responsive-accordion-default bm-larger\"><li><div class=\"responsive-accordion-head\" style=\"background-color:\"><span style=\"color:;font-size:15px\">Correction : euro-dollar 3<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down responsive-accordion-plus fa-fw\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-up responsive-accordion-minus fa-fw\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"responsive-accordion-panel\"style=\"background-color:;padding:12px;color:;font-size:14px\"><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\">import math\r\ndollar_euro=0.89\r\n\r\ndevise=input(\"entrez au clavier la monnaie \u00e0 convertir $ ou \u20ac: \")\r\nvaleur=float(input(\"entrez au clavier la valeur \u00e0 convertir : \"))\r\nsomme=valeur\r\nphrase=\"monnaie inconnue\"\r\nif devise==\"$\":\r\n    somme=somme*dollar_euro\r\n    somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n    phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' $ valent '+str(somme)+' \u20ac'\r\nelif devise==\"\u20ac\":    \r\n    somme=somme\/dollar_euro\r\n    somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n    phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' \u20ac valent '+str(somme)+' $'\r\n\r\nprint(phrase)<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>La boucle while<\/strong><br> En anglais  \u00bb while  \u00bb signifie \u00ab Tant que \u00bb. Pour cr\u00e9er une boucle , il faut donc utiliser ce mot cl\u00e9 suivi d\u2019une indication qui dit quand la boucle peut \u00e9ventuellement s\u2019arr\u00eater.Contrairement \u00e0 la boucle born\u00e9e for on a ici une boucle dite non born\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">While  test :\n         instruction(s)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/nsi2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/activite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">\u00e9crire un programme qui converti des euros en dollar ou des dollars en euro selon le choix de l\u2019utilisateur \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une entr\u00e9e au clavier $ ou \u20ac. Modifier le programme pour qu\u2019il s\u2019arr\u00eate si la monnaie tap\u00e9e n\u2019est ni $ ni \u20ac. Donner la possibilit\u00e9 de faire un nombre infini d\u2019essais<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"container theme1\" style=\"width:100%; height:auto\"><ul class=\"responsive-accordion responsive-accordion-default bm-larger\"><li><div class=\"responsive-accordion-head\" style=\"background-color:\"><span style=\"color:;font-size:15px\">Correction euro-dollar 4<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down responsive-accordion-plus fa-fw\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-up responsive-accordion-minus fa-fw\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"responsive-accordion-panel\"style=\"background-color:;padding:12px;color:;font-size:14px\"><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\">import math\r\ndollar_euro=0.89186\r\neuro_dollar=1.12125\r\ncontinuer=True\r\nwhile continuer:\r\n    devise=input(\"entrez au clavier la monnaie \u00e0 convertir $ ou \u20ac  \")\r\n\r\n    if devise!=\"$\" and devise!=\"\u20ac\":\r\n        phrase=\"monnaie inconnue\"\r\n    else:    \r\n        valeur=float(input(\"entrez au clavier la valeur \u00e0 convertir : \"))\r\n        somme=valeur\r\n        if devise==\"$\":\r\n            somme=somme*dollar_euro\r\n            somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n            phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' $ valent '+str(somme)+' \u20ac'\r\n        else:   \r\n            somme=somme*euro_dollar\r\n            somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n            phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' \u20ac valent '+str(somme)+' $'\r\n    print(phrase)<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/nsi2019\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/activite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">\u00e9crire un programme qui converti des euros en dollar ou des dollars en euro selon le choix de l\u2019utilisateur \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une entr\u00e9e au clavier $ ou \u20ac. Modifier le programme pour qu\u2019il s\u2019arr\u00eate si la monnaie tap\u00e9e n\u2019est ni $ ni \u20ac.Donner la possibilit\u00e9 de faire un nombre infini d\u2019essais et de pouvoir quitter en saisissant la lettre q.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"container theme1\" style=\"width:100%; height:auto\"><ul class=\"responsive-accordion responsive-accordion-default bm-larger\"><li><div class=\"responsive-accordion-head\" style=\"background-color:\"><span style=\"color:;font-size:15px\">Correction euro-dollar 5<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-down responsive-accordion-plus fa-fw\"><\/i><i class=\"fa fa-chevron-up responsive-accordion-minus fa-fw\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"responsive-accordion-panel\"style=\"background-color:;padding:12px;color:;font-size:14px\"><pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\">import math\r\ndollar_euro=0.89186\r\neuro_dollar=1.12125\r\ncontinuer=True\r\nwhile continuer:\r\n    devise=input(\"entrez au clavier la monnaie \u00e0 convertir $ ou \u20ac et q pour quitter: \")\r\n    if devise==\"q\":\r\n        break\r\n    elif devise!=\"$\" and devise!=\"\u20ac\":\r\n        phrase=\"monnaie inconnue\"\r\n    else:    \r\n        valeur=float(input(\"entrez au clavier la valeur \u00e0 convertir : \"))\r\n        somme=valeur\r\n        if devise==\"$\":\r\n            somme=somme*dollar_euro\r\n            somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n            phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' $ valent '+str(somme)+' \u20ac'\r\n        else:   \r\n            somme=somme*euro_dollar\r\n            somme=math.floor(somme*100)\/100\r\n            phrase='selon le cours du jour '+str(valeur)+' \u20ac valent '+str(somme)+' $'\r\n    print(phrase)<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":166,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":167,"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44\/revisions\/167"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yb-isn.fr\/2021\/nsi\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}